Role of AGEs in aetiopathogenesis of type 2 diabetes

Role of AGEs in aetiopathogenesis of type 2 diabetes

Role of AGEs in aetiopathogenesis of type 2 diabetes (#172)

Catherine Itsiopoulos ¹

Department of Rehabilitation, Nutrition and Sport, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia

Aims and Rationale: Type 2 diabetes continues to be a growing epidemic worldwide with more than 350 million people worldwide and 2 Million people in Australia suffering from the condition, and at least half are unaware. Macrovascular and microvascular complications of diabetes such as cardiovascular disease and retinopathy [respectively] are accelerated by poor glycaemic control commonly measured by glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c), a well-known endogenously formed Advanced Glycation End-Product (AGE). AGEs are also formed exogenously during the cooking and processing of foods through the Mallard reaction. This paper will explore the impact of exogenously formed AGEs from the diet on metabolic health in healthy people and in those with type 2 diabetes.

Methods: Sixteen healthy volunteers who were non-smokers with a mean age of 33 and mean BMI of 25 were randomised to a low-AGE or a high-AGE Mediterranean style diet for 4 weeks. Following a 4 week washout participants were crossed-over to the alternate diet. Anthropometry, bloods, urine and blood pressure were measured pre and post each diet. Diets were matched for macronutrients and key ingredients with the major difference being cooking methods. All foods were provided.

Findings: Consumption of a low AGE Greek Mediterranean diet for 4 weeks resulted in a 15% decrease in plasma AGEs (p<0.05) and a high AGE Greek Mediterranean diet resulted in a 13% increase in plasma AGEs (p<0.05).

Conclusions: A low AGE Mediterranean style diet prepared by low temperature moist and slow cooking methods may help ameliorate glycoxidation that occurs in diabetes.

Authors contributing to this presentation.

Itsiopoulos, C

Associate Professor Catherine Itsiopoulos is the founding Head of Department and Associate Professor in Dietetics and Human Nutrition at La Trobe University. Catherine recently took on the additional role of Associate Dean International with the Faculty of Health Sciences at La Trobe University. Catherine’s previous roles included Head of School of Nutrition and Dietetics at the University of Canberra, Manager of Accreditation Services at the Dietitians Association of Australia and Fellow of the CCRE in Diabetes at the University of Melbourne. Catherine currently holds Adjunct Associate Professor roles at the University of Canberra and the University of Melbourne and has a senior academic appointment on the Australian Dietetics Council. Her academic, clinical research, health service management and dietetics career spans more than 28 years and she is recognised for her expertise in clinical trials utilising the Mediterranean diet and for her expertise in accreditation and international benchmarking of professional programs. Catherine’s major research interests include clinical intervention studies in diabetes, cardiovascular disease and the metabolic syndrome utilising the Mediterranean diet as a model of intervention. She is currently supervising 13 PhD students, 5of them focussing on Mediterranean diet studies (traditional diet and culture of Greek migrants, intervention studies using the Mediterranean diet in secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease, reversal of diabetes, fatty liver and depression). Catherine has published widely in peer reviewed journals, and has recently published her first book titled ‘The Mediterranean Diet’ (Pan MacMillan, 2013), in which she reviews recent evidence on the health benefits of the Mediterranean diet and includes traditional recipes.

Role of AGEs in aetiopathogenesis of type 2 diabetes (#172)

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